Health & Supplement Library

Ashwagandha

Withania somnifera

A powerful adaptogen used in Ayurvedic medicine for stress reduction, cognitive enhancement, and hormonal balance. One of the most clinically studied adaptogens with multiple human RCTs supporting its effects.

Turmeric

Curcuma longa

A potent anti-inflammatory compound widely studied for joint health, cardiovascular support, and neuroprotection. Curcumin — the primary active compound — inhibits NF-κB and COX-2 pathways.

Elderberry

Sambucus nigra

Rich in anthocyanins and flavonoids, elderberry is one of the most popular immune-support herbs with clinical evidence for reducing cold and flu duration and severity.

Echinacea

Echinacea purpurea

One of the most widely used herbs for immune support globally, with multiple clinical studies supporting reduction in duration and severity of upper respiratory infections.

Valerian

Valeriana officinalis

A sedative herb used for centuries to promote sleep and reduce anxiety, acting on GABA-A receptors. Multiple meta-analyses support its modest but meaningful effect on sleep quality.

Milk Thistle

Silybum marianum

Primarily studied for liver-protective effects, milk thistle contains silymarin which supports hepatocyte regeneration and is one of the most evidence-backed herbs for liver health.

Ginkgo

Ginkgo biloba

One of the most studied herbs for cognitive function and cerebral blood flow. A living fossil tree whose leaf extract is backed by hundreds of clinical trials for memory and circulation.

St. John's Wort

Hypericum perforatum

The most studied herbal antidepressant, with meta-analyses showing efficacy comparable to SSRIs for mild-to-moderate depression. Modulates serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

Chamomile

Matricaria chamomilla

A gentle herb traditionally used for relaxation, digestive comfort, and mild sleep support. Apigenin binds GABA receptors to produce its calming effect.

Ginger

Zingiber officinale

A versatile root with some of the strongest evidence for anti-nausea effects of any natural compound, plus meaningful anti-inflammatory and digestive benefits.

Holy Basil (Tulsi)

Ocimum sanctum

A sacred Ayurvedic adaptogen that helps the body adapt to physical and emotional stress while promoting mental balance and metabolic health.

Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola rosea

An adaptogen used in traditional Scandinavian and Russian medicine for fatigue, stress resilience, and cognitive performance. Studied by Soviet sports medicine for decades.

Saw Palmetto

Serenoa repens

The most widely used herbal intervention for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), with evidence for reducing urinary symptoms through 5-alpha reductase inhibition.

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia

Primarily studied for anxiolytic and calming effects. Oral lavender oil (Silexan) has RCT evidence for generalized anxiety comparable to lorazepam without dependency risk.

Peppermint

Mentha piperita

Well-studied for digestive health, particularly IBS symptom relief through enteric-coated oil capsules. Strong evidence base makes it a first-line herbal option for IBS.

Boswellia

Boswellia serrata

An anti-inflammatory resin from the Boswellia tree studied for joint health, asthma, and inflammatory bowel conditions. AKBA inhibits 5-LOX enzyme, a key inflammatory pathway.

Dandelion Root

Taraxacum officinale

Traditionally used as a liver tonic and digestive bitter, with emerging research on metabolic health, diuretic effects, and prebiotic inulin content.

Lemon Balm

Melissa officinalis

A calming herb in the mint family with evidence for anxiety, sleep quality, and mild cognitive enhancement. Inhibits GABA-T enzyme, increasing GABA availability.

Bacopa

Bacopa monnieri

An Ayurvedic nootropic herb with consistent evidence for memory consolidation, learning, and neuroprotection. Effects require 8–12 weeks of consistent use to manifest.

Passionflower

Passiflora incarnata

A calming vine herb with clinical evidence for anxiety relief comparable to low-dose benzodiazepines, acting primarily on GABA-A receptors without dependency concerns.

Kava

Piper methysticum

A Pacific island herb with strong clinical evidence for anxiety relief, with multiple meta-analyses showing significant anxiolytic effects comparable to benzodiazepines without cognitive impairment.

Vitex (Chaste Tree Berry)

Vitex agnus-castus

The leading herbal medicine for women's hormonal balance, with clinical evidence for PMS, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and menstrual cycle regulation via dopamine and prolactin pathways.

Black Cohosh

Actaea racemosa

The most studied and evidence-backed herb for menopausal symptom relief, with clinical trials supporting significant reduction in hot flashes, night sweats, and mood disturbances.

Astragalus

Astragalus membranaceus

A foundational herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine, studied for immune enhancement, adaptogenic stress support, and telomere protection. The TA-65 supplement derives from cycloastragenol.

Eleuthero (Siberian Ginseng)

Eleutherococcus senticosus

A classic adaptogen extensively studied by Soviet sports medicine for physical endurance, mental performance, and stress resistance. Distinct from Panax ginseng but equally versatile.

Panax Ginseng

Panax ginseng

The most studied ginseng species with thousands of years of use and dozens of RCTs. Evidence supports cognitive performance, energy, sexual function, and immune enhancement.

Maca Root

Lepidium meyenii

A Peruvian root vegetable with clinical evidence for libido enhancement, hormonal balance, and energy support, used by Andean cultures at high altitude for centuries.

Licorice Root (DGL)

Glycyrrhiza glabra

A widely used herb for digestive healing and adrenal support. DGL (deglycyrrhizinated) form removes the component that raises blood pressure, making it safe for gut-healing protocols.

Slippery Elm

Ulmus rubra

A mucilaginous herb traditionally used for soothing the gastrointestinal tract. The inner bark creates a protective coating, particularly beneficial in GERD, IBS, and IBD.

Black Seed Oil (Nigella Sativa)

Nigella sativa

A remarkable multi-system herb with over 1000 published studies. Thymoquinone provides potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-modulating properties.

Fenugreek

Trigonella foenum-graecum

A culinary and medicinal herb with clinical evidence for blood sugar management, testosterone support, and lactation enhancement in nursing mothers.

Hawthorn Berry

Crataegus monogyna

The leading herbal medicine for cardiovascular health, with clinical trials supporting improvement in mild heart failure symptoms, blood pressure reduction, and coronary blood flow.

Nettle Root

Urtica dioica (root)

The root extract of stinging nettle, distinct from nettle leaf, studied for prostate health (BPH), hormonal balance, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Artichoke Leaf Extract

Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus

A bitter herb with clinical evidence for liver health, LDL cholesterol reduction, and digestive support through choleretic and hepatoprotective mechanisms.

Oregano Oil

Origanum vulgare

A potent antimicrobial oil with carvacrol and thymol studied for gut dysbiosis, SIBO, and systemic immune support. Used as a natural antimicrobial in functional medicine.

Cat's Claw

Uncaria tomentosa

A South American vine bark from the Amazon with immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory, and DNA repair properties studied in arthritis and viral conditions.

Moringa

Moringa oleifera

Called the 'tree of life', moringa leaves offer exceptional nutrient density with emerging clinical evidence for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and blood sugar effects.

Vitamin D

Cholecalciferol (D3)

Essential fat-soluble vitamin critical for bone health, immune function, and mood regulation. Deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies globally, affecting an estimated 1 billion people.

Vitamin C

Ascorbic acid

A water-soluble antioxidant essential for immune function, collagen synthesis, and iron absorption. One of the most evidence-backed nutrients with involvement in hundreds of enzymatic reactions.

Vitamin B12

Cobalamin

Essential for nervous system function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation. Deficiency is common in vegans, vegetarians, older adults, and those on metformin.

Vitamin B6

Pyridoxine

Critical for neurotransmitter synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and immune function. P5P (pyridoxal-5-phosphate) is the active form. Deficiency contributes to depression, PMS, and cognitive decline.

Folate

Vitamin B9

Essential B vitamin critical for cell division, DNA synthesis, and neural tube development. MTHFR gene variants affect ~40% of the population, making methylfolate (5-MTHF) the preferred form.

Vitamin K2

Menaquinone

The underappreciated partner to Vitamin D3, K2 activates proteins that direct calcium to bones and teeth while preventing dangerous arterial calcification.

Vitamin A

Retinol / Beta-carotene

Essential fat-soluble vitamin for vision (especially night vision), immune function, and cellular growth. Beta-carotene is the safer plant-source precursor with no toxicity risk.

Vitamin E

Alpha-tocopherol

Fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage. Mixed tocopherols and tocotrienols offer broader protection than alpha-tocopherol alone.

Biotin

Vitamin B7

A water-soluble B vitamin essential for carbohydrate and fat metabolism, most widely used for hair, skin, and nail health. Deficiency is uncommon but contributes to hair thinning.

Niacin (Vitamin B3)

Nicotinic acid / Niacinamide

An essential B vitamin with two distinct therapeutic forms: niacin (nicotinic acid) for cholesterol management, and niacinamide for skin health, DNA repair, and insulin sensitivity.

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)

Vitamin B2

An essential coenzyme for energy production and antioxidant function. High-dose riboflavin (400 mg/day) has RCT evidence for migraine prevention and is recommended in clinical guidelines.

Thiamine (Vitamin B1)

Vitamin B1

The first discovered B vitamin, essential for carbohydrate metabolism, nerve function, and energy production. Deficiency causes beriberi and is common in alcoholism and bariatric surgery.

Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)

Vitamin B5

Essential for CoA synthesis, adrenal hormone production, and fatty acid metabolism. Used therapeutically for adrenal fatigue support and acne (D-panthenol topically and internally).

Magnesium Glycinate

A highly bioavailable form of magnesium chelated with glycine, widely used for sleep improvement, anxiety reduction, and muscle function. One of the most recommended supplement upgrades from magnesium oxide.

Zinc

Essential trace mineral critical for immune function, wound healing, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. One of the most common deficiencies globally, especially in older adults and athletes.

Iron

Essential mineral for oxygen transport via hemoglobin and myoglobin. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, affecting approximately 2 billion people.

Selenium

Trace mineral essential for thyroid hormone activation, antioxidant defense via glutathione peroxidase enzymes, and immune health. Research supports use in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Calcium

The most abundant mineral in the body, essential for bone structure, muscle contraction, and nerve signaling. Best absorbed in divided doses with Vitamin D3 and K2.

Potassium

Essential electrolyte for heart rhythm, muscle contraction, and blood pressure regulation. Most people get insufficient potassium from diet, contributing to hypertension.

Iodine

Essential trace mineral for thyroid hormone synthesis. Deficiency remains a global public health concern and is the most preventable cause of intellectual disability.

Copper

An essential trace mineral involved in iron metabolism, collagen synthesis, antioxidant defense (SOD), and neurological function. Often overlooked and depleted by high-dose zinc supplementation.

Chromium

A trace mineral that enhances insulin signaling and supports blood sugar regulation via chromodulin. Most widely studied as chromium picolinate for insulin resistance and metabolic health.

Boron

A trace mineral that influences testosterone and estrogen metabolism, enhances Vitamin D levels, and supports bone health. Often absent from supplements despite important metabolic roles.

Manganese

A trace mineral essential for bone formation, carbohydrate metabolism, and antioxidant defense via manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), an important mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme.

Magnesium Malate

A form of magnesium bonded with malic acid from apples, particularly studied for fibromyalgia, fatigue, and supporting the Krebs cycle energy pathway.

Magnesium L-Threonate

A novel form of magnesium developed at MIT that uniquely crosses the blood-brain barrier, studied for cognitive enhancement, memory improvement, and neuroprotection.

Silica (Bioavailable Silicon)

A trace mineral important for collagen cross-linking, bone matrix formation, and connective tissue integrity, commonly used for hair, skin, and nail support.

L-Theanine

An amino acid found naturally in green tea that promotes calm focus by enhancing alpha brain waves. One of the most popular focus supplements, especially when combined with caffeine.

NAC (N-Acetyl Cysteine)

A precursor to glutathione, the body's most important antioxidant. Studied for respiratory health, liver protection, mental health (OCD, addiction), and as a mucolytic agent.

Glycine

The simplest amino acid with outsized health roles: sleep quality, collagen synthesis, neurotransmission (inhibitory), and glutathione production. Consistently underappreciated.

Taurine

An abundant semi-essential amino acid in the body involved in bile salt formation, cardiovascular function, brain development, and electrolyte balance. Longevity research highlights its decline with aging.

SAM-e

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

A naturally occurring compound involved in methylation reactions throughout the body. Studied for depression (comparable to TCAs in meta-analyses), liver health, and joint pain.

L-Carnitine

An amino acid derivative that transports long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. Studied for cardiovascular health, weight management, exercise performance, and male fertility.

Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR)

The acetylated form of L-carnitine that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, studied for neuroprotection, cognitive function enhancement, and depression in older adults.

5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan)

5-Hydroxytryptophan

A direct amino acid precursor to serotonin and melatonin, derived from Griffonia simplicifolia seeds. Studied for depression, anxiety, sleep quality, and appetite regulation.

GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)

The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Oral supplementation studies show modest but meaningful effects on anxiety and sleep, with the natural PharmaGABA form showing better CNS effects.

L-Glutamine

The most abundant amino acid in the body, serving as primary fuel for intestinal enterocytes and immune cells. Essential for gut lining integrity and widely used in leaky gut protocols.

Phosphatidylserine

A phospholipid critical for cell membrane integrity, cognitive function, and cortisol regulation. The FDA has approved a qualified health claim for its role in reducing cognitive decline risk.

L-Citrulline

An amino acid that converts to arginine in the kidney more efficiently than arginine itself, increasing nitric oxide production. Studied for cardiovascular health and exercise performance.

Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)

Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids critical for brain function, cardiovascular health, and systemic inflammation resolution. Among the most evidence-backed supplements for multiple systems.

Krill Oil

A source of omega-3s in phospholipid form offering superior brain bioavailability compared to fish oil triglycerides, plus the bonus of astaxanthin antioxidant.

Evening Primrose Oil

The richest non-pharmaceutical source of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), studied for hormonal balance, PMS symptoms, breast pain, and inflammatory skin conditions like eczema.

Flaxseed Oil

Linum usitatissimum

The richest plant source of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the parent omega-3, with additional lignans in ground flax that act as phytoestrogens for hormonal and gut health.

Phosphatidylcholine

A phospholipid that is the most efficient dietary choline source and the primary structural lipid in cell membranes, studied for liver health, cognitive function, and cardiovascular support.

Probiotics (Lactobacillus)

Beneficial bacteria that support gut microbiome balance, digestive health, and immune function. Lactobacillus strains are among the most studied, with benefits documented across dozens of conditions.

Saccharomyces boulardii

A beneficial probiotic yeast (not a bacteria) that is naturally antibiotic-resistant — making it uniquely effective for antibiotic-associated diarrhea and C. difficile prevention.

Probiotics (Bifidobacterium)

Bifidobacterium species are among the most clinically studied probiotic strains, dominant in infants and critical throughout life for gut health, immunity, and mental health via the gut-brain axis.

Creatine Monohydrate

The most studied performance supplement in sports science with a remarkably clean safety record. Now gaining significant attention for cognitive benefits, neuroprotection, and healthy aging.

CoQ10 (Ubiquinone)

A coenzyme essential for mitochondrial ATP production and a potent fat-soluble antioxidant. Especially important for anyone taking statins, which deplete endogenous CoQ10 levels.

Melatonin

A hormone naturally produced by the pineal gland to regulate the sleep-wake cycle. The most widely used sleep supplement globally, with strong evidence for circadian rhythm disorders.

Collagen Peptides

Hydrolyzed collagen protein providing the specific amino acids (glycine, proline, hydroxyproline) needed to support the body's own collagen production for skin, joints, and gut.

Psyllium Husk

Plantago ovata

A soluble fiber with one of the strongest evidence bases of any supplement for digestive health, cholesterol reduction, blood sugar management, and prebiotic effects.

Glutathione

The body's master antioxidant, critical for detoxification, immune function, and cellular protection. Liposomal or S-acetyl forms have better oral bioavailability than standard reduced glutathione.

Berberine

A plant alkaloid with metabolic effects comparable to metformin in multiple clinical trials, activating AMPK to regulate blood sugar, lipids, and gut microbiome. One of the most impressive natural metabolic compounds.

NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide)

A direct and efficient precursor to NAD+, a coenzyme essential for cellular energy, DNA repair, and sirtuin longevity pathway activation. A leading longevity supplement with growing human evidence.

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Riboside)

Nicotinamide Riboside

Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) is a vitamin B3 derivative that raises NAD+ levels, supporting mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular energy, and healthy aging via sirtuin activation.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA)

A unique universal antioxidant that functions in both fat-soluble and water-soluble environments, regenerating other antioxidants. One of the most evidence-backed supplements for diabetic neuropathy.

Quercetin

A ubiquitous flavonoid antioxidant found in apples, onions, and capers with potent anti-inflammatory effects, antihistamine properties, and emerging research as a potential senolytic agent.

Resveratrol

A polyphenol found in red wine, grapes, and berries that activates SIRT1 sirtuins and AMPK, studied for cardiovascular protection, anti-aging, and metabolic health.

Myo-Inositol

A sugar alcohol and second messenger molecule with strong evidence for PCOS (combined with d-chiro-inositol), anxiety, OCD, panic disorder, and insulin signaling improvement.

Alpha-GPC

Alpha-glycerophosphocholine

The most bioavailable choline donor for the brain, rapidly raising acetylcholine levels for focus, memory, and cognitive performance. Also studied for HGH release and athletic performance.

Citicoline (CDP-Choline)

A neuroprotective compound providing both choline and cytidine (which converts to uridine), supporting acetylcholine and phosphatidylcholine synthesis for comprehensive brain health.

DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone)

The most abundant steroid hormone precursor in the body, peaking in early adulthood and declining with age. Studied for vitality, bone density, immune function, and adrenal insufficiency.

Hyaluronic Acid

A glycosaminoglycan naturally found in joints, skin, and connective tissue. Oral supplementation is studied for joint lubrication, skin hydration, and wound healing.

MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane)

An organic sulfur compound widely used for joint health and inflammation reduction, with evidence for joint pain, oxidative stress, and collagen synthesis support.

Glucosamine

A structural building block of cartilage matrix with decades of clinical evidence for osteoarthritis, most effective as the sulfate form. One of the most widely used joint health supplements.

Sodium Butyrate

A short-chain fatty acid that serves as the primary energy source for colon cells, with potent effects on gut barrier integrity, inflammation, and epigenetic regulation via HDAC inhibition.

Digestive Enzymes

A blend of proteases, lipases, and amylases that support the body's natural digestive capacity, particularly useful for food intolerances, bloating, and malabsorption conditions.

Spirulina

Arthrospira platensis

A nutrient-dense blue-green algae with up to 70% complete protein by dry weight, plus phycocyanin antioxidants. Studied for cholesterol, blood pressure, and exercise performance.

Chlorella

Chlorella vulgaris

A freshwater green algae with a unique cell wall that binds to heavy metals, used in detoxification protocols, immune support, and as a nutrient-dense whole food supplement.

Green Tea Extract (EGCG)

Camellia sinensis

A concentrated source of EGCG catechins — the most potent antioxidants in green tea — studied for metabolism, cardiovascular health, cognitive alertness, and weight management.

Propolis

A resinous mixture produced by bees with potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, with clinical evidence for oral health and immune support.

D-Mannose

A simple sugar that prevents E. coli from adhering to the urinary tract lining, studied as an effective non-antibiotic intervention for UTI prevention and treatment.

Pumpkin Seed Extract

Cucurbita pepo

Rich in zinc, phytosterols, and tryptophan, pumpkin seed extract is studied for prostate health, sleep quality, and urinary/bladder function.

Lion's Mane

Hericium erinaceus

A medicinal mushroom studied for nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulation, cognitive enhancement, and neuroprotection. One of the most exciting nootropic mushrooms with growing clinical evidence.

Reishi

Ganoderma lucidum

The 'mushroom of immortality' in Traditional Chinese Medicine, revered for immune modulation, adaptogenic stress support, and longevity. Used for 2000+ years with growing clinical evidence.

Turkey Tail

Trametes versicolor

Rich in polysaccharopeptides PSP and PSK, turkey tail is the most evidence-backed medicinal mushroom for immune support, with approved clinical use in Japan's cancer treatment protocols.

Cordyceps

Cordyceps militaris

A performance mushroom traditionally used for energy, endurance, and respiratory health. Adenosine-like compounds support ATP production and oxygen utilization.

Chaga

Inonotus obliquus

One of the most antioxidant-rich substances known, chaga grows on birch trees and is studied for immune support, anti-inflammatory effects, and blood sugar modulation.

Maitake

Grifola frondosa

The 'Dancing Mushroom' of Japan, rich in D-fraction beta-glucans with clinical evidence for immune support, blood sugar regulation, and potential cancer-supportive properties.

Shiitake

Lentinula edodes

One of the most consumed medicinal mushrooms globally, shiitake contains lentinan (used in Japanese oncology as an approved immunotherapy adjunct) and is widely studied for immune function and cardiovascular health.